Aarushi's mindomo project

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PORIFERA

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Universal ancestor - ester linkages - DNA presence

Common ancestor of Eukarya and Archaea - histones Present - methionine - multiple RNA polymerase with 8 or more polypeptides

Ester bonds Membrane bound organelles Membrane bound nucleus

Eukarya

American Black Bear (Ursus americanus) -organelles -nucleus

Euglenoids Excavata - feeding groove - secondary plastids

Radiolarians SAR Clade

Common ancestor of Stramenopila and Alveolata - secondary plastids

Dinoflagellates Alveolata - membranous vesicles on cell membrane - tertiary plastids

Diatoms Stramenopila - tripartite flagellate hair

Foraminiferas Rhizaria - filase pseudopodia

Slime molds Unikonta

Amoeba Amoebozoa - pseudopodia (tubular/flat lobes)

Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) Opisthokonta - single posterior flagellum - multicellular - absorptive heterotrophy

Black Bread Mold ( Rhizopus stolonifer) Fungi - cell wall - Zygotic life cycle

Common ancestor of Choanoflagellates and animals

American Black Bear Animals - mobility - complex organ system - gametic life cycle

Eumetazoa

Monarch Butterfly Bilateria -Bilateral body symmetry

Giant sea star Deuterostoma - Triploblasty -Radial and intermediate embryonic cleavage - Fate of Blastopore: anus

Echinoderms - Water vascular system

Common ancestor - Notochord - Hollow, dorsal nerve cord - Post, anal tail - Pharyngeal slits

Common Ancestor - Cranium - Vertebral column

Common Ancestor - Jaws

Common ancestor - Bony skeleton - Lungs/ lung derivatives

Common Ancestor - Lobe fins

Common Ancestor - Limbs with digits - Amniotic eggs

American Black Bear Ursus americanus - Mammalia - Endotherm - Hair - Milk

Green Sea Turtle Chelonia mydas - Reptilia - Ectotherm - Birds: Endotherms

Red Eyed Tree Frog Agalychnis callidryas - Amphibia - Ectotherm

Coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae - Lobe-finned fishes

Blue Tang Paracanthurus hepatus - Ray-finned fishes

Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias - Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous skeleton

Pacific Hagfish - Eptatretus stoutii - Agnathans

Urochordata - Sea Peaches

Cephalochordata - Branchiostoma lanceolatum

Echinoidea - Purple Sea Urchin - No arms and spikes

Ophiuroidea - Serpent star - No adhesive chemicals

Asteroidea - Giant sea star - Adhesive chemicals for gripping

Humboldt Squid Prostomia - Spiral and determinate embryonic cleavage - Fate of blastophore: mouth - Cephalization

Chesapeake Blue Crab Ecdysozoa - Diploblasty - Ecdysis

Arthropoda

Hexapoda (Insects) - Monarch Butterfly - Several complex organ systems - Metamorphosis

Crustacea - Chesapeake Blue Crab - Specialized appendages (claws/pinchers)

Subtopic

Chelicerata - Sourthern Black Widow - Claw-like feeding appendages

Nematoads - Roundworm

Golden Apple Snail Lophotrochozoa - Triploblasty - Presence of trochopore larvae or lophophore

Platyhelminthes - Pork Tapeworm

Rhabditophorans - Macrostomum ligano - Parastic

Trematoda - Sheep liver fluke - Require Intermediate host

Cestoda - Pork Tapeworm - Lacks mouth and gastrovascular cavity

Annelida - Common Earthworm

Mollusca - Humboldt Squid - Golden Apple Snail

Cephalopoda - Humboldt Squid - Tentacles

Bivalvia - Soft shell clam - Shells divided in two

Gastropoda - Golden Apple snail - Shell (marine and terrestrial)

Moon Jelly Cnidaria - Radial body symmetry - Diploplasty

Anthozoans - Elkhorn Coral - Polyp form

Medusozoans

Scyphzoa - Moon jelly - Medusa form most of its life

Hydrozoa - Pennaria disticha - Polyp and medusa forms

Giant Barrel Sponge Porifera

Choanoflagellate

Chlorophytes Archaeplastida -primary plastids

Common Ancestor

Common Ancestor -Sporic life cycle -Presence of embryo -Desiccation-resistant spores -Apical meristems -Gametangia -Sporangia

Common Ancestor -Thick waxy cuticle -Stomata -Dominant sporophyte generation -Lignin -Xylem and phloem

Common Ancestor -Ovules -Pollen -Seeds -Wood -Heterospory

Angiosperms -Fruit -Endosperm -Flowers -Ovaries

Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)

White Water Lily (Nymphaea alba)

Gymnosperms

Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)

Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris

Eastern Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris) Monilophytes -Megaphylls leaves

Fan clubmoss (Diphasiastrum digitatum) Lycophytes -Lycophyll leaves

Field hornwort (Anthoceros agrestis) -Hornworts

Woolly Feather Moss (Tomentypnum nitens) -Mosses

Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha) Liverworts

Braun's stonewort (Chara braunii) Charophytes - Zygotic life cycle

Esther bonds

Archae

Methanobrevibacter smithii

Presence of Peptidoglycan Ester bonds in cell membranes

Bacteria

E coli