Kategorie: Wszystkie - characteristics - eukarya - evolution - animals

przez David Tran 5 lat temu

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Bio 2 Phylogenetic Tree

Bio 2 Phylogenetic Tree

Universal Ancestor - Ester Linkages - DNA Presence

Common Ancestor of Eukarya and Archaea - Histones Present - Methionine - Multiple RNA polymerase with 8 or more polypeptides

American Black Bear (Ursus americanus) Eukarya - Organelles - Nucleus
Euglenoids Excavata - Feeding groove - Secondary plastids
Radiolarians SAR Clade

Common ancestor of Stramenopila and Alveolata - Secondary plastids

Dinoflagelletes Alveolata - Membranous vesicles on cell membrane - Tertiary plastids

Diatoms Stramenopila - Tripartite flagellar hair

Foraminiferas Rhizaria - Filose pseudopodia

Slime Mold Unikonta

Amoeba Amoebozoa - Pseudopodia (tubular or flat lobes)

Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) Opisthokonta - Single posterior flagellum - Multicellular - Absorptive heterotroph

Black Bread Mold (Rhizopus stolonifer) Fungi - Cell Wall - Zygotic life cycle

Common Ancestor of Choanoflagelletes and Animals

American Black Bear Animals - Mobility - Complex organ system - Gametic life cycle

Eumetazoa

Monarch Butterfly Bilateria - Bilateral body symmetry

Giant Sea Star Deuterostoma - Triploblasty - Radial and indeterminate embryonic cleavage - Fate of blastopore: anus

Echinoderms - Water vascular system

Common Ancestor - Notochord - Hollow, dorsal nerve cord - Post, anal tail - Pharyngeal slits

Common Ancestor - Cranium - Vertebral column

Common Ancestor - Jaws

Common Ancestor - Bony skeleton - Lungs/ lung derivatives

Common Ancestor -Lobe fins

Common Ancestor - Limbs with digits - Amniotic eggs

American Black Bear Mammalia - Endotherm - Hair - Milk

Green Sea Turtle Reptilia - Ectotherm - Birds : Endotherms

Red Eyed Tree Frog Amphibia - Ectotherm

Coelacanth Lobe-finned fishes

Blue Tang Ray-finned fishes

Great White Shark Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous skeleton

Pacific Hagfish Agnathans

Urochordata - Sea Peaches

Cephalochordata - Branchiostoma lanceolatum

Holothuroidea - California Sea Cucumber - Lack spines - Reduced endoskeleton

Echinoidea - Purple Sea Urchin - No arms and spikes

Ophiuroidea - Serpent Star - No adhesive chemicals

Asteroidea - Giant Sea Star - Adhesive chemicals for gripping

Humboldt Squid Protostomia - Spiral and determinate embryonic cleavage - Fate of blastopore: mouth - Cephalization

Chesapeake Blue Crab Ecdysozoa - Diploblasty - Ecdysis

Arthropoda

Hexapoda (Insects) - Monarch Butterfly - Several complex organ systems - Metamorphosis

Crustacea - Chesapeake Blue Crab - Specialized appendages (claws/pinchers)

Subtopic

Chelicerata - Southern Black Widow - Claw-like feeding appendages

Nematoads - Roundworm

Golden Apple Snail Lophotrochozoa - Triploblasty - Presence of trochophore larvae or lophophore

Platyhelminthes - Pork Tapeworm

Rhabditophorans - Macrostomum lignano - Parasitic

Trematoda - Sheep Liver Fluke - Require intermediate host

Cestoda - Pork Tapeworm - Lacks mouth and gastrovascular cavity

Annelida - Common Earthworm

Mullusca - Humboldt Squid - Golden Apple Snail

Cephalopoda - Humboldt Squid - Tentacles

Bivalvia - Soft Shell Clam - Shells divided in two (two halves, all marine)

Gastropoda - Golden Apple Snail - Shell (Marine and Terrestrial)

Moon Jelly Cnidaria - Radial body symmetry - Diploplasty

Anthozoans - Elkhorn Coral - Polyp form

Medusozoans

Scyphozoa - Moon Jelly - Medusa form most of its life

Hydrozoa - Pennaria disticha - Polyp and medusa forms (alternation)

Giant Barrel Sponge Porifera

Choanoflagellate

Chlorophytes Archaeplastida - Primary plastids

Common Ancestor - Sporic Life Cycle - Presence of Embryo - Desiccation-resistant spores - Apical Meristems - Gametangia - Sporangia

Common Ancestor

Common Ancestor - Presence of Lignin - Xylem/Phloem - Sporophyte (dominant generation) - Thick Waxy Cuticle - Stomata

Common Ancestor - Ovules - Pollen - Seeds - Heterospory - Wood

Angiosperms - Fruit - Endosperm - Ovaries - Flowers

White Water Lily (Nymphaea alba)

Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)

Gymnosperms

Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)

Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris)

Eastern Marsh Fern (Thelypteris palustris) Monilophytes - Megaphylls Leaves

Fan Clubmoss (Diphasiastrum digitatum) Lycophytes - Lycophyll Leaves

Field Hornwort (Anthoceros agrestis) Hornworts

Woolly Feather Moss (Tomentypnum nitens) Mosses

Common Liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha) Liverworts

Braun's stonewort (Chara braunii) Charophytes - Zygotic life cycle

Methanobrevibacter smithii Archaea -Ether linkages

E. Coli Bacteria - Peptidoglycan