Carbohydrates

Więcej takich

Middle School Life Science

przez Rebecca Steinke

Sustainable City

przez Elysia Vetricek

Chemical Energy

przez John Doe

Biomimicry

przez Jose SAnchez

Macronutrients

Nucleic Acids

Proteins

Lipids (fats)

Carbohydrates

• Very important source of quick energy.
• Most abundant biomolecules on Earth.
• Serve as important structural components.

Polysaccharides

• More than 20 monosaccharides with 20 bonds, it becomes a Polysaccharide.
• Most carbohydrates in nature are found as polysaccharides.
• Known as Glycans

Heteropolysaccharides

• Contains 2 or more types of different monosaccharides. ex: a long chain of fructose and glucose molecules.
• can be unbranched or branched.

Homopolysaccharides

• Contains only a single type of monosaccharide. ex: only glucose molecules linked together.
• Can be unbranched or branched.

ex: Dextron

• Structural components in bacteria and yeast.

ex: Cellulose

• Structural components in plants. They make up the cell wall.

ex: Glycogen

• Unbranched = Amylose
• Branched = Amylopectin
• Branch points occur more frequently in Glycogen

ex: Starch

• Storage for monosaccharides in plants. It is the main carbohydrate in the human diet.
• Only made up of glucose.
• Unbranched = Amylose
• Branched = Amylopectin

Oligosaccharides

• Short chain of monosaccharides
• Less than 20 monosaccharides linked together.
• A disaccharide can be referred to as an oligosaccharide.

ex: Maltotriose

• Contains 3 glucose molecules.

Disaccharaides

• Made up of 2 monosaccharides

ex: Maltose

• 2 glucose molecules stuck together.

Monosaccharides

• Simple sugars.
• They are the smallest unit that make up carbohydrates.
• They are the building blocks.

ex: Galactose

ex: Fructose

ex: Glucose