Sources Cited
Metapatterns. "Toulmin’s Argument Model." English Composition II: Rhetorical Methods–Based. Edited by Lumen Learning. Lumen Learning, Portland, OR, 2019.
Nordquist, Richard. "Warrants in the Toulmin Model of Argument." Thought Co., 14 April, 2014.
Created by Sonali Chadha
Rebuttal
- counter-arguments
- necessary to understand rebuttals to
better formulate claim (Metapatterns 17)
Qualifier
- it is a limit in how applicable
the claim is (Metapatterns 13)
Backing
- support for argument and warrant
through questioning (Metapatterns 12)
Warrant
- legitimizes claim by linking data and more
grounds to claim (Metapatterns 8)
- connection between data
and conclusion = warrant
(Nordquist 4)
- can be implicitly or
explicitly stated
(Nordquist 1)
- can be based on
logos, pathos, ethos
(Metapatterns 9)
Grounds
- the reasoning that is behind the claim
(Metapatterns 4)
- should not be challenged since it is
proof from data and evidence
(Metapatterns 4)
