DEVELOP OF ESP

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DEVELOP OF ESP

CLASSIFICATION

English for occupational purposes (EOP):

It relates to professional purposes, e.g. those of working doctors, engineers or business people.

English for academic purposes (EAP)

It relates to the English needed in an educational context.

HOW IS IT RELATED TO THE ELT?

ESP focuses on the needs-related nature of instruction and ELT is focused on analyzing needs and preparing students to communicate effectively.

PHASES

A learning-centred approach [1987-]

Hutchinson and Waters' (1987) New approach to ESP. It is based in the methodology, of learning processes, rather than the linguistic basis.

Skills and strategies [1980]

The focus should rather be on the underlying interpretive strategies

It is focused in the thinking processes that underlie language use

Target situation analysis [approximately 1980-1987]

learners' needs -communication purposes -communicative setting -the means of communication - language skills - functions, structures

It is based a accurate description of the process concerned

Beyond the sentence: rhetorical or discourse analysis [approximately 1974-1980]

Allen and Widdowson (1974) Hipothesis: We take the view that the difficulties which the students encounter arise not so much from a defective knowledge of the system of English, but from an unfamiliarity with English use, and that consequently their needs cannot be met by a course which simply provides further practice in the composition of sentences, but only by one which develops a knowledge of how sentences are used in the performance of different communicative acts.'

shifted attention to the level above the sentence

The concept of special language: register analysis [approximately 1965-1974]

Identify the grammatical and lexical features of these registers

focussed on language at the sentence level

What is ESP?

(1990) It is based on the teaching of language, materials, production and analysis with practical results.