Kategorie: Wszystkie - symptoms - treatment - diagnosis - risk

przez Anay Dajome 3 lat temu

105

MALIGN AND BENIGN PATHOLOGIES IN BREAST

MALIGN AND BENIGN PATHOLOGIES IN BREAST

MALIGN AND BENIGN PATHOLOGIES IN BREAST

SELF-EXAMINATION

Palpation, inspection
Questioning and physical examination

MASTOPATY

-In reproductive stage
-Is associated with pregnancy, lctation, trauma and thrombophlebitis

BENIGN ALTERATIONS

FIBROCYSTIC ALTERATIONS
-Premenopause
-More common
- Pain
-Edema
PLOTIFERATIVE ALTERATIONS
*Athypical dictated epithelium
*Seropurulent exudate
*Adenosis
*Hyperplasia
Phylloid tumor
Slow-growing epithelial neoplasia
- Any age
- Total surgical diagnosys
DUCTAL ECTASY
*Hard and tender erythematous mass
*Perimenopause and postmenopause
* Small abscess at the base of the nipple
MASTITIS
- Related to lactation factors
-Sthapylococcus aureus
- May appear in puerperal phenomena
LIPOMA
*White tummor
*Mobile
*Fatty
*Most common non-epithelial neoplasm
ADENOMA
https://d3i71xaburhd42.cloudfront.net/9e93328e26e5643c8903793c13926345556b5e90/2-Figure3-1.png
-Circumscribed tumors
-Peak incidence at 20-30 years
-Scattered stroma

GALACTOCELE

*Painful breast cyst
*Condensed
*Thick milky liquid

BREAST CANCER

BIOLOGICAL MARKERS
*Axillary lymph node status

The lymph nodes are responsible for filtering lymphatic fluid and detecting chemical changes that indicate infection. When these filter points are in the armpit, doctors may call them axillary lymph nodes.

*HER2/neu

Medir la cantidad del HER2/neu en algunos tipos de células cancerosas sirve para planificar el tratamiento. También se llama c-erbB-2, HER2, receptor 2 del EGF humano y receptor 2 del factor de crecimiento epidérmico humano.

p53

TP53 is a gene that helps stop tumors from growing. It is known as a tumor suppressor. A tumor suppressor works like the brakes on a car. Stops cells from dividing too quickly

*Tumor size

Malignant (cancer): they grow rapidly and often metastasize, that is, they migrate to other parts of the body causing new tumors

*Progesterone

Again, this means that cancer cells can receive signals from progesterone that stimulate their growth.

*Estrogen receptors

A breast cancer tumor is described as “estrogen receptor positive” if it has receptors for that hormone.

IMAGING STUDY
*MRI

Breast MRI is a test used to detect breast cancer and other breast abnormalities. A breast MRI captures several images of the breasts. The breast MRI images are combined, using a computer, to create detailed images

*Ultrasound

Breast ultrasound uses sound waves to produce pictures of the internal structures of the breast. It is primarily used to help diagnose breast lumps or other abnormalities found during a physical exam, or on a mammogram, or on an MRI of the breast.

*Mammography

RRegular mammograms are the best tests doctors have to find breast cancer early. A mammogram is an X-ray image of the breast. Doctors use mammograms to look for signs of early breast cancer.

*Biopsy

Breast biopsy is used to confirm or rule out breast cancer. It is done if other tests, such as a mammogram or a physical exam of the breasts, show that breast cancer might be present.

DIANOSIS
*Thorough questioning

The examination of the breasts is carried out through inspection and palpation, it is very important to detect the presence of cancer early, and is complemented by an annual mammography from the age of 40, which in the event of risk factors

A breast self-exam is a checkup a woman does at home to look for changes or problems in her breast tissue. Many women feel that doing this is important to their health, and it is

RISK FACTORS

the use of hormone replacement therapies.
-Age
-Ductal hyperplasia
Subtopicthe diet rich in fats and meats, as well as obesity, sedentary lifestyle and the consumption of tobacco and alcohol.
-Radiotherapy
-Menopause
family history
grandmother, mother, or sister

LUMP

A breast lump is a growth of tissue develops withing your breast. Different types of breast lumps can vary in the way they look and feel.

MAIN FINDINGS

Galactorrhea
*Involutive, bilateral, spontaneous, with pregnanciy and hipothyroidism
Purulent discharge from the nipple
*Atibiotic treatment
*Can produce an abcess
*Infection
Intraductal papilloma
*Surgical removal of the duct
*Bloody discharge
*Main cause of women who are not breastfeeding
Mammary duct ectasia