Victoria Przybos- Women's Movement

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Women's Movement

Developments

Stereotypes changed

Equal Credit Opportunity Act 1974

Women could have credit cards in their name and credit scores

1973 Roe vs Wade

negative impact: religious and moral factors

Before this court case -women chose to do dangerous illegal abortions

Assured women the right to legal abortions

Higher Education Act

Banned discrimination in education

Required equal funding for both male and female extracurricular activities

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

Commission on the Status of Women

Made by JFK to examine discrimination in the workplace

Civil Rights Act of 1964

banned discrimination based on sex

Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)

Passed through Congress, but failed to be ratified

Was not passed - fell 3 states short of being passed

Would be a part of the constitution if successfully passed

Would protect reproductive rights

Would guarantee equal rights

Formed the National Organization for Women (NOW)

Wanted balance of roles in marriage

Aimed towards "true equality" for all women

RADICAL FEMINISTS

Held protests

Needed to inform women that life did not have to be limited

had consciousness raising groups

Important People

Sandra Day O'Connor

Despite her capabilities, her male counterparts were offered better jobs

First female Supreme Justice member

Graduated near the top of her class from Stanford Law School

Gloria Steinem

Co-found Ms, which was a feminist magazine

Exposed Playboy

used mass media to gain awareness

Journalist who was very well known

Betty Friedan

Wrote the Feminine Mystique

Fought for the Equal Rights Amendment

Helped establish NOW

Problems today

Feminization of poverty

Single mothers -low paying jobs, and need to be able to financially support their children

Majority of the nation's poor people are single women

Glass Ceiling

Women still face barriers, glass ceiling limits women

Invisible barrier women experience because of the hierarchy

"Pink Collar Ghetto"

Women are paid less because of gender and the less paying jobs they have to pursue

Opposition to the movement

Members of both sexes opposed this movement

did not want change

Many women didn't think there was more to life for them than being a housewife

Phyllis Schlafly

Natural roles for women, thought the ERA would be destructive

Because of her protests against the ERA- the ERA wasn't passed

Appealed to other conservatives

Argued that the ERA would compel women to join the military and would hurt the family

Conservative political activist

Goals

Second wave of feminism

First wave was in the 1920s, did not achieve full equality

First wave was focused on voting rights

Reproductive rights

Most women rejected the housewife stereotype, wanted more job opportunities

Feminism: Political, social, and economic equality of men and women