Multiplication of Animal Viruses

Mais informações

Bowlby & Evolutionary Theories on Attachment

por Alexander Sadler

Affective bonds

por Angie Marcela Díaz Nova

Negative Emotions During Covid-19 in Relation to Attachment

por Li Granite

Attachment: “An enduring emotional tie that unites the child to the caregiver and has far reaching effects on development” (406). We can form emotional ties with our family, friends, teachers, and Heavenly Father that will enable us to create meaningful relationships and thrive.

por Nancy Chaffin

Multiplication of Animal Viruses

5. Maturation and Release

nonenveloped released thru ruptures in OM...leads to cell death

capsid pushes through PM..buds...cell usually doesn't die

envelope develops around capsid by budding

starts with assembly of protein capsid

4. Biosynthesis of RNA Viruses

Retroviridae

in oncogenic retroviruses the provirus can convert host cell into a tumor

integrated into host cell chromosome as a provirus which gives it protection from antivieral drugs

carry reverse transcriptase which uses viral RNA as template and degrades original viral RNA

Lentivirus

infect vertebrates

Reoviridae

double stranded RNA

respiratory and enteric systems

Rhabdoviridae

single antisense strand of RNA

bullet-shaped

rabiesvirus

Togaviridae

enveloped

contain singe sense strand of RNA

arthropodborne, arboviruses or alphaviruses

Picornaviridae

contain RNA dependent RNA polymerase

new strand is antisense strand

RNA w/in virion is callsed sense strand because it can act as mRNA

smallest viruses

single-stranded RNA

poliovirus

multiply in host cell's cytoplasm

4. Biosynthesis of DNA Viruses

DNA Viruses

Hepadnaviridae

synthesize DNA by copying RNA using viral reverse transcriptase

cause hepatitis and contain DNA

Papovaviridae

some Papillomavirus can ause cancer

name from papillomas (warts), polomas (tumors) and vacuolation

Herpesviridae: spreading appearnce of cold sores

Kaposi's sarcoma, primarily in AIDS patients

Roseolovirus: Roseola

Cytomegalovirus: CMV Inclusion Disease

Lymphocryptovirus: infectious mono

Varicellovirus: chickenpox

Simplexvirus: cause cold sores

Poxviridae: skin lesions--cow pox and smallpox

Adenoviridae: common cold

7. released from host cell

6. maturation...assembles to form complete viruses

5. synthesis of capsid proteins in cytoplasm

4. transcription and translation of "late" viral genes...capsid and structural proteins

3. transcription of viral DNA...translation..

1-2. viral DNA released into the nucleus of host cell

Hepadnaviruses

Adenoviruses

papoviruses

Herpesviruses

3. Uncoating

poliovirus--uncoating starts to happen while virus is still attached to PM

separation of viral nucleic acid from it's protein coat once the virion is enclosed w/in vesicle

2. Entry

enveloped viruses can enter by fusion: envelope fuses with PM and releases capsid into cell's cytoplasm

HIV

by pinocytosis

1. Attachment

receptor forparticular virus varies from person to person

receptor sites are inherited characteristics of the host

enveloped--influenza--spikes

adenovirus--icosahedral--small fibers at corners

attachment sites are distributes all over virus