ESL Error Correction: Criteria and Techniques

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ESL Error Correction: Criteria and Techniques

Techniques

Negotiation

Offering the student metalinguistic clues and/or asking for clarification.

Body Language

Non-verbal cues that do not interrupt the students' attempt to produce target language.

Explicit Correction

Providing the student the correct form (correction).

Peer Correction

Learners are encouraged to help each other identify errors and correct them.

Elicitation

Encourage the learners in identifying and correcting their own errors.

Criteria

Consistency

To attend to the error in a consistent and persistent manner helps teachers avoid reacting emotionally to students' errors.

Student's Needs

The most struggling students should receive correction only when they make major errors.

Exposure

It is unfair to penalize students for errors when they lack exposure to the language.

Seriousness

The error must impede communication before it should be considered an error that necessitates correction.