PLEURAL EFFUSION

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Pulmonary Pathology

af R G

Percussion Family

af Susan Hurst

Music Note And Rest Concept map

af Tony DeVaughn

TYPES OF INSTRUMENTS

af Arancha Díaz

PLEURAL EFFUSION

Auscultation

Bronchial breath sounds heard over area of effusion

Pleural friction/rubbing

Decreased breath sounds over the effusion

Special tests

Bronchophony shows abnormal vocal resonance

Whispered pectoriloquy: Whispered "1,2,3" is intelligible

Egophony: "E" sounds more like an "A"

Vital Signs

BP: (+/-) elevated due to pain, can also be decreased due to underlying cause

Temperature: Pyrexia >100.4°F

Decreased Oxygen saturation: <95%

Respiratory rate: Tachypnea, >20 BPM

Pulse: tachycardia: HR>100

Percussion

Dullness to percussion

Palpation

Decreased tactile fremitus

Tracheal deviation away from affected side

Chest expansion decreased on affected side

Inspection

(+/-) Accessory muscle use depending on severity of pleural effusion

(+/-) Tachypnea based on size of effusion

(+/-) tripod position

(+/-) Cyanosis, indicating severe hypoxia