Intermolecular forces on physical properties of organic compounds

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Intermolecular forces on physical properties of organic compounds

Intermolecular forces

Solubility

Polar compounds dissolve in polar solvents

nonpolar compounds-dissolve nonpolar solvents

driven by similarity of intermolecular forces

weaker forces, often gases

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Occurs with N-H, O-H, or F-H bonds

strong dipole interations

Attractions between permanent dipoles of polar molecules

London dispersion forces

Present in all molecules

Temporary dipoles between molecules

Lower for compounds with stronger intermolecular forces

Physical state of room temperture

molecules with stroner intermolecular forces likely solids or liquids

Volatility

more energy needed to overcome attractive forces

Boiling & Melting points

Higher for compounds with greater intermolecular forces

compared to similar compounds with weaker forces