Language attitudes and ideologies on linguistic diversity

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Milton Friedman (1912-2006)

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Language attitudes and ideologies on linguistic diversity

A nexus between language ideology and language attitudes

ideologies and attitudes may be incongruent

An individual’s attitude may be the obvious articulation of an ideology to which the individual subscribes

The genesis of a specific attitude can indeed sometimes be traced to a systematic language ideology.

Language ideology and attitudes in applied linguistics

They regulate linguistic diversity at the macro and micro level

Beliefs regulate home language maintenance

Spanish/Quechua multilingualism of Peru

Governments pursue language policies that favour certain languages

Preserving ancient Norse language of the Icelandic Sagas

Language attitudes

both quantitative and qualitative

An evaluation of whether, in what way, and to what extent, a specific language, is favourable.

the use of more than one language in a place where the monolingual assumption reigns are undesirable

psychological tendency to favor or disfavor a particular entity

sexiness of French is favourable, whereas the attractiveness of Russian is dubious

Language ideology

fundamentally qualitative

A critical orientation

criticizing the sociolinguistic world for its inequalities, its injustices, and its systems of domination

A descriptive orientation

how language arrangements ought to be and why the collective feels this way

seeks to research, identify and understand the shared beliefs of some collective