until about 12,000 years ago and before, everyone were hunters and gatherers
Very dependent on each other, specifically family
Nomadic people, traveling as they hunt
little to know free time due to hunting
used simple tools to hunt
Agrarian (Agricultural) Societies
Elites in this society had time to study philosophy, art, and literature
extreme social inequality, as a large scale of people are peasants or slaves, who do the majority of the work
farmers worked lands for generations thanks to the plow, encouraging development of permanent settlements
cultivated fields much larger than horticulturalists
called "the dawn of civilization"
animal-drawn plow, irrigation, the wheel, writing, numbers, and use of various metals were inventions during this period
Definition: large-scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or more powerful energy sources
Horticultural Societies
This society was common in fertile regions and began in the Middle East, but later dispersed to Latin America, Asia and eventually all over the world
gave up gathering in favor of growing their own food
The use of hand tools to raise crops ie.(hoe, shovel, etc.)
formed settlements and moved, only when the soil gave out and lost nutrition
Pastoral Societies
Subtopic
Nomadic people, leading herds to fresh grazing land
Pastoral societies were very common among communities who lived where there were few supplies of food
Definition: domestic causation of animals
Post-Industrial Societies
People develop information-based skills and carry out their work using computers & other forms of high-technology communication.
relies on computers & other electronic devices that create, process, store, and apply information.
Definition: technology that supports an information-based economy.
Industrial Societies
Workers in result lost close working relationships, strong family ties, and many of the traditional values, beliefs and customs that guide the agrarian lifestyle.
Railroads, cars, steel largely changed society so travel was easier and skyscrapers along with stronger materials were implemented more.
Industrialization drew people away from the home or in the fields nearby to factories situated near the energy sources that was the source of their machinery.
sparked the birth of Society due to the rapid change
1750: people turned to water power and steam boilers to operate machinery rather than using the muscles of humans
Definition: the production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery.
