Organigram

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Universal Common Ancestor

Archea (Eschericia coli) -presence of histones -presence of membrane-bound nucleus -ether bonds in cell membrane

Eukaryotic (Urus americanus) -DNA as genetic storage -presence of membrane-bound organelles

SAR Clade

Alveolates -membranous vesicles on cell membrane -secondary plastids

Stramenopila -tripartite flagellar hair -secondary plastids

Rhizaria -filose pseudopodia

Archeaplastida -primary plastids

Charophytes - Braun's stonewort -Zygotic life cycle

Liverworts - Common Liverwort -sporic life cycle -desiccation resistant spores -embryo -apical meristems -gametangia -sporangia -lignin -xylem and phloem -dominant sporophyte generation -thick waxy cuticle -stomata

Mosses - Woolly Feather Moss -sporic life cycle -desiccation resistant spores -embryo -apical meristems -gametangia -sporangia -lignin -xylem and phloem -dominant sporophyte generation -thick waxy cuticle -stomata

A

Hornworts -Field hornwort -sporic life cycle -desiccation resistant spores -embryo-apical meristems -gametangia -sporangia -lignin -xylem and phloem -dominant sporophyte generation -thick waxy cuticle -stomata

Lycophytes - Fan clubmoss -sporic life cycle -desiccation resistant spores -embryo-apical meristems -gametangia -sporangia -lignin -xylem and phloem -leaves -megaphylls -dominant sporophyte generation -thick waxy cuticle -stomata

Monilophytes - Eastern Marsh Fern -sporic life cycle -desiccation resistant spores -embryo-apical meristems -gametangia -sporangia -lignin -xylem and phloem -leaves -dominant sporophyte generation -thick waxy cuticle -stomata

Common Ancestor

Angiosperms Scots Pine (Pinus sylvestris) -fruit -ovaries -flowers -pollen -wood -ovaries -ovules -heterospory

Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)

Gymnosperms -seed -endosperm

Bald Cypress (Taxodium distichum)

Excavata -feeding groove

Unikonta

Amebozoa -movement with pseudopodia

Opsthokonts -single posterior flagellum on swimming cells

Fungi - Fly Agaric (Amanita muscaria) -cell wall -zygotic life cycle -absorptive heterotrophy -multicellularity

Animals - American Black Bear (Ursus americanus) -mobility -complex organ systems -gametic life cycle -absorptive heterotrophy -multicellularity

Porifera -no symmetry -diploblasty

Eumetazoa -tissues

Cnidaria -diploblasty -radial symmetry

Bilateria

Protostomia

bilateral symmetry

Deuterostomia -blastopore becomes the anus -radial cleavage -triploblasty -indeterminate cleavageW -water vascular system

Echinodermata -water vascular systemw

Protosomes -cephalization

Lophotrochozoa -blastopore becomes the mouth -spiral cleavage -triploblasty -lophophore and/or trocophore larvae

Platyhelminthes

C.A.

Annelida

Mullusca

Ecdysozoa -blastopore becomes the mouth -spiral cleavage -triploblasty -ecdysis

Nematoda

Arthropoda

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Bacteria (Methanobrevibacter smithii) -ester bonds in cell membrane presence of peptidoglycan in cell wall

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