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Types of Citations

Indirect Citation: (Paraphrases or summarizes someone's ideas)

Example: Buzan (2011) suggests that mind maps can be used to organize complex information.

Direct Citation: (Quotes the exact words)

Example: "A mind map is a visual tool that helps structure information" (Buzan, 2011, p. 15).

Reasons for Using Citations

Accuracy

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Credibility

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Parenthetical Citation: (Includes author and year in parentheses at the end of the sentence)

Example: This research supports the claim that mind maps are effective learning tools (Buzan, 2011).

Narrative Citation: (Mentions the author and year within the text)

Multiple Authors

Example: La eficacia de las estrategias de aprendizaje cooperativo ha sido ampliamente demostrada (Johnson & Johnson, 1989; Slavin, 1990).

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Example: As Smith (2023) argues, ...