Organigram

Mais informações

Biological Evolution

por leilla shaaban

Palaeolithic

por Blanca Gauna

baiology

por Imran Maaz

★Circulatory and Digestive System★

por Asad Zaara

Common Ancestor -All have DNA present -Ester bonds

Archea -Ether bonds (derived from ester bonds)

Topic principal

Common ancestor of Eukarya and Archea -histones

Eukarya -Nucleus -Organelles

Protists

UNIKOTA CLADE (animals and fungi)

Opisthokonts -Single posterior flagellum on swimming cells -Absorvatibe Heterotrophy

Fungi -multicellularity -chitin cell wall -zygotic cycle with dikaryotic stage

Animals -multicellularity -mobility -complex organ systems -gametic life cycle

Eumetazoa -tissues

Cnidaria -diplobasly -radial symmetry

33

Scychophoza -majority of life as medusa stage

Hydrozoa -alternating polyp and meduza forms

Anthozoa -usually only polyp

Bilatera -triplobasty -bilateral symmetry

Protosomia -spiral and determinate cleavage -blastopre becomes mouth

Ecdysozoa -ecdysis -metamorphosis

Nematoda -roundworms -free-living and parasitic -cuticle -pesudocoelom -complete digestive tract

Anthropoda -"jointed foot" -segmented -exoskeleton -complete digestive tract -open circulatory system

Chelicerates -cephalothorax and abdomen -4 parts of walking legs, pedipalps, chelicerae

Pancrustaceans

Hexapoda -six legs -insects -many have wings -head, thorax, abdomen

Crustaceans -cephalothorax

Lophotrochozoa -lophophore and/or troco larvae

Plathyelminthes -acoelomates -incomplete digestive tract -no respiratory or circulatory systems

Cestoda -lack a mouth and gastro -vascular cavity

Tremaptoda -parasitic -no digestive tract

Rhaditophorans -free living -parasitic

Annelida -cephalization -segmented worms -closed circulatory systems -complete digestive tract

Mollusca -soft-bodied -foot, visceral mass, mantle -coelomates -organ systems

Bivalia -shells in two halves -suspension feedings

Gastropoda

Cephalopoda -tentacles to grasp prey -closed circulatory system

Deuterostomia -radial and indeterminate cleavage

Echinodermata (Giant sea star) -Water vasuclar system -spiny skin -no brain -complete digestive track

Asteroidea

Holothuroidea

Echnioderie -no arms -jawlike structure

Chordata -Notochord -Dorsal nerve cord -Pharyngeal Slits -Endostyle

Common ancestor of vertebrates and urochordates

Cephalochordata

Urochordata

Vertebrates -4 chordate characteristics -vertebral column -endoskeleton -cranium -complex organ system -4 limbs -single circulation

Heart with 2 chambers -jaws, mineralized skeleton

common ancestor with lung derivatives

common ancestor

tetrapods with 2x circulation

Amniotes -limbs with digits

Mammalia -4 chambered heart -amniotic egg -hair -milk

Reptilia -3 or 4 chambered heart -ectothermic -endothermic -amniotic egg

amphibia -lungs -3 chambered hearts -ectothermic

Lobed finned fishes -jawed -bony skeleton -lungs -ectothermic

Osteichthyans (Ray finned fishes) -gnathostomes -actinopterygii -lungs -ectothermic "

Chonodrichthyes -jaws -cartilage skeleton -ectothermic -tendency to sink -predators

Agnathans -jawless -2 chamber heart -ectothermic -cartilage skeleton

Porifera

Choanoflagellates

Amoebazoa -Pseudopodia that extend like tubes

ARCHAPLASTIDA -Primary Plastid

Green Algea

charophytes -zygotic -gametophyte -Diffusion and osmis

chlorophytes/bryophytes -sporic -uses embryos -dessication resistant -apical meristems -presence of gametangia -presence of sporangia -Diffusion and osmis -gametophyte -no stomata

Common Ancestor

Spermatophytes -Pollen -Seeds -Heterospory -Wood -Ovules

Angiosperms -Presence of fruit -Presence of flowers -Endosperm -Ovaries

Subtopic

Gymnosperms

Seedless Vascular -lignin -xylem/phloem -dominant sporophyte generations -waxy cuticle -stomata

Monilophytes

Lycophytes

Hornworts

Mosses

Liveworts

EXCAVATA -Has feeding groove -Secondary plastid

SAR CLADE

Rhizaria -Filose pseudopodia

Stramenopila -Tripartite flagellar hair -Secondary plastid

Alveolata -Membranous Vesicles on the cell membrane -second or tertiary plastids

Bacteria -Petidoglycan